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…first 12 hours. No rescue opioids were needed. A single dose of acetaminophen was administered at hour 12. No adverse events occurred. The pa…

…oval No. 2-PĒk-4/335/2025. Spinal anesthesia (SA) with isobaric Bupivacaine 0.5% 2.8 ml and either intrathecal morphine 100 mcg (M group, n…

… both containing 1:400,000 Epinephrine. All patients were given Paracetamol and Ketorolac for 24 hours, and shifted to oral pain medication…

…ure 3Conclusions Our results show that it is possible to assess local anaesthetic diffusion. Although most of the patients who showed improvement…

… used for each injection. At the end of surgery paracetamol and morphine were administered. The patient was extubated in the operating r…

…reast surgery, and these usually involve moderate sedation with propofol.Methods We report our case series of 3 patients who successfull…

… additional 1 mg of midazolam, 15 mg of ketamine, and 40 mcg of fentanyl. The surgery lasted 3.5 hours and was completed without complic…

…g modified radical mastectomy (MRM). We evaluated the effect of ketamine as an adjuvant to local anesthetic in erector spinae plane bloc…

… inserted 5 cm cephalad. General anesthesia was maintained with propofol and remifentanil 0.1μg/kg/min or less. Prior to skin incision, …

… inserted 5 cm cephalad. General anesthesia was maintained with propofol and remifentanil 0.02–0.1 μg/kg/min. Before skin incision, a mi…

…idocaine, while the OBI (opioid-based induction) group received fentanyl. Nociceptive responses were evaluated using the NOL index durin…

…inhalational analgesia, albeit incomplete pain relief. In 1907, morphine and scopolamine were tried, but their favour rapidly declined d…