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…l rate, accompanied by a disrupted hepatic RORγt/Foxp3 balance. Metformin treatment significantly reversed these pathological changes, re…

…ilar course in their T2DM trajectory compared with those not on metformin). For individuals with multiple COVID-19 tests, we excluded all…

…osed group (n=606) without such history, using a 1:2 ratio. The metformin regimen (choice of agent and daily dosage) will be determined b…

…intensification or change was 1.6 (0.7) and 1.4 (0.7) years for semaglutide and alternative treatment, with no subgroup differences noted (…

…ever, these studies did not employ suitable active comparators. Metformin is often prescribed as first-line therapy in T2DM management, w…

…s.Conclusions Clinician awareness of the link between long-term metformin use and vitamin B 12 deficiency is present but inconsistently t…

…iabetes diagnosis (±180 days) using incidence density sampling. Metformin use before the index date (OA diagnosis) was the main exposure.…

…included. The participants (n=184) will be allocated (1:1) to a metformin dose of 1500 mg or 2250 mg per day. Outcomes include anthropome…

…several T2DM drugs (metformin, rosiglitazone, canagliflozin and sitagliptin) on mouse and human ovarian cancer cells in vitro, and the effe…

…entias (non-VaDs) (AHR 0.75; 95% CI 0.70 to 0.81) compared with metformin. No significant difference was observed for VaD. Subgroup analy…

…excluded to minimize misclassification of gestational diabetes. Metformin dispensations alone before age 40 were disregarded in women wit…

…lin and SGLT2 inhibitors, while DPP-4 inhibitors clustered with metformin ( figure 1). Heatmapping confirmed strong phenotype-specific en…