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Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) is one of the most popular and efficient complementary techniques that mimics the action potential for adjacent muscles and maintains muscle health. Aside from muscular rehabilitation, a promising role for EMS has been reported in a wide range of clinical conditions, from cognitive disorders to metabolic diseases and pain management. However, the clinical response and effectiveness of this method remain variable. In this article, we reviewed the role of EMS in different health-related conditions in order to provide a comprehensive view of this matter.