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Background and Aims Regional anaesthesia is crucial for modern healthcare, offering significant benefits when performed safely and effectively. A comprehensive understanding and proficiency in various techniques, risks, and recognition of complications is essential for ensuring patient safety. However, conventional teacher-centered education of clinicians has been proven inefficient in securing long-term knowledge retention. The aim of this study is to determine whether scenario-based learning improves long-term knowledge retention of regional anaesthesia.Methods Anaesthesia residents were invited to a one-day workshop on regional anaesthesia. Before the workshop, participants completed a multiple-choice exam on regional anaesthesia. They then engaged in six scenario-based learning cases, each following a structured format and concluding with a debriefing session led by an ESRA-certified instructor. To assess knowledge retention, participants completed the same exam immediately after the workshop and again three months later.Results A total of 36 students were included in the study. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a statistically significant improvement immediately after the simulation (median 63% vs. 70% of correct answers, p < 0.001), indicating a strong learning effect. However, no significant difference was observed between the post-workshop and three-month follow-up scores (p = 0.503), suggesting that the knowledge gains were retained over time.Conclusions Scenario-based training appears to be an effective pedagogical approach for enhancing and sustaining residents’ knowledge retention over time; however, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.