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Objectives To estimate the prevalence of thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic liver diseases and to find the correlation of thrombocytopenia with the Child-Pugh Score (CPS).Design A cross-sectional observational study.Setting A single-centred hospital-based study was carried out among patients attending the outpatient department and admitted to the Department of Medicine at Midnapore Medical College.Participants The patients of chronic liver diseases between 20 years and 79 years of age who were willing to participate in the study were selected. Patients with known pre-existing thrombocytopenia or on drugs that affect the survival of platelets were excluded from the study.Interventions As this was a cross-sectional observational study, there was no intervention.Main outcome measures The primary outcome was to estimate the prevalence of thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic liver diseases. The secondary outcome was to assess the association between thrombocytopenia with clinical or laboratory parameters and the CPS. Demographic correlation (age and sex distribution), clinical and laboratory correlation and statistical significance with p value, CI and regression coefficients were measured.Results The majority of the patients (94.1%) were male and in the age group of 31–70 years. Alcoholism was the most common aetiology. Ascites was present in 77.2% and hepatic encephalopathy in 35.6%. The majority of the participants were categorised into CPS class B and C (49.5% and 48.5%, respectively). Thrombocytopenia was present in 71% of patients. In simple linear regression, the regression coefficient indicated that for each 1-point increase in CPS, platelet count decreased by 5.113×10 9/L without statistical significance. CPS was not a significant predictor of platelet count after controlling for other variables. But the severity of ascites and aetiology were statistically significant predictors.Conclusions Thrombocytopenia was the most common haematological abnormality in patients with chronic liver diseases. CPS had a non-significant correlation with platelet count and lacks independent predictive value in multivariate analysis. But the severity of ascites and aetiology were the significant predictors. Platelet count, in conjunction with ascites severity, could serve as a useful marker for disease severity in resource-constrained settings.