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Background and Importance Prolonged antibiotic therapy increases the risk of bacterial resistance, adverse effects, and additional hospital costs. Despite the recommendations (reassessment at 48-72 hours and shortest possible durations), many prescriptions exceed 7 days. In this context, the pharmacist analyses prescriptions exceeding 7 days daily basis to assess their compliance.Aim and Objectives To assess the relevance of hospital prescriptions for antibiotics > 7 days (01/01-31/12/2024) and the impact of the infectious disease specialist’s opinion on their compliance.Material and Methods Compliance was assessed according to three criteria: indication, duration, and justification in the Electronic Health Record (EHR). A prescription is non-compliant when at least one criterion is not met. The data were obtained from Excel, prescription software, the institution’s antibiotic guide, and the literature. The impact of the infectious disease specialist’s opinion was measured using the Chi-square test and relative risk (RR) calculation.Results 871 prescriptions > 7 days were analysed, with an average duration of 21 days. The main indications were urology (32.8%), pulmonary infections (13.2%), and systemic infections (9.0%). The non-compliance rate was 12.7%, mainly due to excessive duration (73.2%), inadequacy for the indication (16.2%), and lack of justification in the EHR (10.6%). The association between the presence or absence of an infectious disease specialist’s opinion and prescription compliance is statistically significant (p < 0.05). The relative risk is 2.37.Conclusion and Relevance Despite the recommendations, inappropriate prescriptions persist, mainly due to excessive duration. The absence of an infectious disease specialist’s opinion increases the risk of non-compliance by a factor of nearly 2.5 (RR = 2.37), highlighting its essential role. The evaluation of the ‘treatment reassessment’ criterion difficult to use due to the lack of a consistent definition within the pharmaceutical team, which limits its interpretation. In addition, the prescribed duration does not always correspond to the actual duration of administration, leading to a probable overestimation of treatments > 7 days. Systematic reassessment at 48-72 hours and then on day 7, combined with reminders of good practices via the antibiotic guide, would reduce antibiotic resistance, limit adverse effects, and generate economic and ecological benefits.Conflict of Interest No conflict of interest