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Abstract Gastric cancer is a considerable global health burden, ranking as the fifth most common cancer and the third leading cause of mortality related to cancer worldwide. The disease often presents at advanced stages, which poses challenges to diagnosis and treatment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of gastric cancer, covering its epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, staging, and classification. This review highlights recent advances in treatment, emphasizing the transition to multimodal strategies that combine surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies. The basis of this analysis is formed by a comprehensive review of the literature, including randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and landmark studies. Promising emerging therapies, including immunotherapy and molecular-targeted agents, are also explored.