Unilateral Graves’ disease: a rare presentation of autoimmune hyperthyroidism

Graves’ disease, the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, typically involves diffuse, symmetric stimulation of the thyroid gland. In rare cases, the autoimmune process is functionally restricted to a single thyroid lobe, a condition known as unilateral Graves’ disease. Fewer than 50 cases have been reported worldwide. 1 This atypical presentation can mimic other causes of thyrotoxicosis, such as a toxic adenoma, making accurate diagnosis challenging.