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After years of progress in reducing smoking prevalence, South Africa (SA) has seen a reversal of gains, with adult smoking rates increasing from 18.1% in 2010 to 27.6% in 2021. 1 2 Simultaneously, the proliferation of vape shops, particularly around educational institutions,3 has raised concerns about the rising use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among youth.2 These trends have reinforced the urgency of updating the outdated Tobacco Products Control Act.4