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Infants who present with the triad are often diagnosed as victims of child abuse with specific diagnoses of Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS), now called Abusive Head Trauma (AHT). The triad is: 1.) Subdural Hematoma (SDH) 2.) Retinal Hemorrhages (RH) and 3.) Neurologic Abnormality (NA) including seizures, unresponsiveness, etc. Establishing the correct diagnosis in the infant with the triad is critical, as the diagnosis of child abuse has far-reaching implications: family dissolution, incarceration of the alleged perpetrator, tarnished reputations, personal financial ruin and significant legal/judiciary costs to society.In the past 25 years I have written 48 medical-legal reports in contested cases of child abuse in which SBS/AHT was diagnosed by the child abuse pediatrician (CAP). My review of these cases indicated these infants were not abused, but rather had a medical or accidental explanation for the triad. This disagreement with the community of CAPs is based on the following:Biomechanical studies show shaking cannot cause the triadSevere neck trauma would be expected from violent shaking of an infant, but this finding is conspicuously absent in SBS/AHT casesNeuropathological studies of infant who died from alleged SBS showed changes that were consistent with hypoxia and not traumaThe Swedish Agency reviewed and analyzed the medical literature supporting the idea that shaking could cause the triad. It concluded the scientific evidence that shaking alone could cause the triad was weak, indeed virtually non-existent, and plagued by circular reasoningThe diagnosis of child abuse in these cases is almost always based on the finding of RH which has been thought to be pathognomonic of shaking. However, pioneering work by forensic pathologist Dr. Patrick Lantz has clearly shown that RH are not from shaking, but rather from any situation that causes rapidly increased intracranial pressure such as an infant who has an hypoxic event, drowns, is burned, or has meningitisCAPs have overlooked accidental and medical diagnoses that can cause the triadIn my review of these 48 cases I found the following diagnoses (number in parentheses) that were misdiagnosed as child abuse:Bilateral enlargement of the subarachnoid spaces [BESS] (n=12)Birth trauma causing an expanding SDH (n =11)Short falls (n= 7)Short fall in an infant with BESS (n=6)Thrombosis of cerebral veins or sinuses (n=5)Hypoxic event (n=4)Vasculopathy (n=2)Stroke (n=1)This experience emphasizes that SBS/AHT is a bogus diagnosis and is overdiagnosed by CAPs leading to catastrophic outcomes for both the affected family and society. While AHT can be caused by child abuse, it requires impact to produce it; shaking alone cannot cause the triad.