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Background and Aims Paresthesia,neuropathy during childbirth is very often a consequence of prolonged expulsion in primiparous women,where the second period of labor lasts longer and requires a certain position on the delivery table (lithotripsy position).During childbirth under epidural analgesia,postpartum neurological symptomatology is always directed towards anesthesia.Methods A 26- A 26-year-old primipara was admitted for delivery under epidural analgesia.Past medical hystory was remarkable.Epidural block was at the level of L3/L4 with epidural catheter placed without problems.After the test dose(Lidocaine 2% 3 ml),continuous analgesia was started (0.10% Levobupivacaine with opioid adjuvant) and the dose was adjusted according to pain and hemodynamic parameters.During childbirth without neurological symptoms and active participation in childbirth.The birth lasted 7 hours, with the last 2 hours in the left semilateral position with bent legs for easier lowering of the baby.After 30 minutes of the birth,the catheter was removed without complications.When standing up for the first time, the patient complained of numbness in the left lower leg, inability to bend the leg and dorsiflexion of the foot.Neurological examination revealed left common peroneal nerve palsy-a positive Tinel’s sign in the left fibular head,numbness and paresthesia in the left lower leg from the lateral side to the dorsal foot,a drop foot.Polyvitamin therapy and early physical therapy was started immediately after the neurological examination.One month after giving birth,only mild weakness during dorsiflexion remained,which completely disappeared within three months.Results Postpartum peripheral nerve injuries occur in approximately 0.3–2% of all deliveries.Here we have presented a very rare paresis of the peroneal nerve,only 1% during childbirth,which is a consequence of increased pressure on the lower legs and the peroneal nerve in the area of the head of the fibula during prolonged expulsionConclusions This indicates that when a certain position is required during childbirth,it is necessary to rest the patient occasionally to avoid neurological symptoms especially during epidural analgesia.