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Athletes face an increasingly complex landscape in managing their health, as they must balance the use of medications and supplements with anti-doping regulations and the risk of banned substances.1 Medication management in athletes may be further complicated by training and competition across varying time zones, climates and altitudes, which can necessitate dose adjustments. Additional considerations include body-composition-related differences in drug absorption, therapy-associated changes in appetite and the diuretic effects of certain medications. These examples highlight some important considerations for optimising pharmacotherapy in athletes managing acute and chronic medical conditions. To address these challenges, sports medicine teams are increasingly exploring the integration of pharmacists into multidisciplinary athlete care.