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Objectives To estimate the association between height-for-age and domains of early childhood development among indigenous children aged 12–15 months.Methods We analyzed data from The Saqmolo’ Project, a randomized controlled trial in rural Mayan communities of Guatemala. The trial enrolled 1,200 infants aged 6–9 months at baseline. For this secondary analysis, 1,088 children with complete endline data were included. Height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) were the exposure, and developmental domain z-scores (cognitive, motor, language, social-emotional) were outcomes, assessed with the Caregiver Reported Early Development Instruments (CREDI). Descriptive analyses summarized characteristics, and multivariable linear regression estimated associations between HAZ and outcomes. Models adjusted for age, sex, poverty, food insecurity, breastfeeding, and caregiver education.Results Overall, 48.2% of children had stunting (HAZ < -2). Mean age was 13.0 months, and mean HAZ was -1.99 ±1.07. The motor domain had the lowest mean score -1.27 ± 0.75, followed by cognitive -1.04 ±1.04, language -1.03 ±0.96, and social-emotional -0.90 ±1.05 (all values mean ± SD). A one SD increase in HAZ was associated with improvements of 0.10–0.15 SD in developmental scores, with strongest associations in motor (β=0.14, 95% CI: 0.10–0.18) and cognitive (β=0.13, 95% CI: 0.07–0.19), and a notable association in social-emotional (β=0.14, 95% CI: 0.07–0.20). Results were consistent across sexes, with motor remaining the lowest-performing domain.Conclusions Higher HAZ was significantly associated with better performance across developmental domains. Findings highlight the link between nutrition and early development and underscore the need for integrated interventions promoting growth and child development in vulnerable populations.