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The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 was a major escalation of a conflict that has become the deadliest in Europe since World War II. This large-scale conflict has led to hundreds of thousands (and perhaps up to a million) of injuries and deaths.1 Military medical leaders must be prepared for large-scale combat operations (LSCO), paying attention to the transferable lessons from the current European conflict.2 A key component of wartime preparedness is the careful analysis of data from previous experiences to inform the treatment of combat casualties and to guide research and innovation. As data-driven advancements in combat casualty care in Afghanistan and Iraq were shown to improve survival,3 4 there is an urgent need to continue endeavours of this kind.