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The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has published its UKHSA HBV England 2023 report estimating that 270 000 people (0.6% of the population) in the UK are living with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Over 95% are thought to have acquired the infection overseas, with the remainder infected via sexual contact, perinatal transmission or intravenous drug use. It estimates that at least 50% of people living with HBV in England remain undiagnosed.1