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In Yucatec Mayan communities, Mayan language use is rapidly declining, particularly among children (INEG, 2018). There is limited research on Yucatec children’s bilingual language development. The current study focused on examining young Mayan children’s language development by exploring their language use at home and measuring their Spanish and Mayan vocabulary. Thirty mothers in rural Yucatec Mayan communities completed questionnaires and their children (M=4.33 years, SD=0.23) completed Spanish and Mayan receptive vocabulary assessments. Notably, the research team developed these new Mayan assessments in collaboration with local organizations. Analyses were conducted to evaluate children’s performance in both language assessments and then examined whether and how scores differed by language used at home. Children’s receptive vocabulary scores were significantly lower in Mayan (M=7.71, SD=8.12, n=24) than Spanish (M=26.46, SD=10.68), t=6.62, p<.001, d=1.35. Children whose mothers reported they spoke a little Mayan (n=9) had higher receptive Mayan vocabulary scores (M=14.11, SD=8.55) than those who spoke no Mayan (M=3.00, SD=3.19, n=13), t=3.72, p=.004, d=1.87. Children who communicate with their mothers mostly in Spanish and a little in Mayan (M=15.40, SD=9.79, n=5) scored higher in Mayan receptive vocabulary than those who spoke only in Spanish with their mothers (M=5.24, SD=6.03, n=17), t=2.88, p=.009, d=1.46. Using newly developed assessments, our results reflect that while Mayan is not being used much at home in Yucatec Mayan communities, the home language environment influences children’s Mayan receptive vocabulary scores. More language research in Yucatec communities is necessary to better design interventions and prevent language and culture loss.