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Introduction Celiac disease (CD) is a malabsorption syndrome involving an immuno-allergic mechanism occurring on a background of particular genetic immunoreactivity. The association between CD and Plummer Vinson syndrome (PVS) has rarely been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with PVS associated with celiac disease.Methods This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted over a 32-year period from January 1993 to December 2025 2022, including all patients followed in our department for celiac disease and Plummer Vinson syndrome. All patients with Plummer Vinson syndrome underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with jejunal biopsies to investigate the presence of celiac disease.Results Among 375 patients followed for celiac disease, 13 patients had Plummer Vinson syndrome, corresponding to a prevalence of 3.5%. Conversely, among 159 patients with Plummer Vinson syndrome, celiac disease was diagnosed in 13 cases (8.2%). There were 10 women and 3 men, with a sex ratio of 0,3. The mean age was 29 years (range 19–56 years).Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an esophageal ring at the level of Killian’s mouth in all cases. After esophageal dilatation with bougies of different diameters, endoscopy showed rarefaction of duodenal folds in 12 patients (92.3%) and a normal duodenal appearance in one patient (7.7%).Histopathological examination of duodenal biopsies showed intraepithelial lymphocytosis >30% in all cases, partial villous atrophy in 9 patients and severe villous atrophy in 4 patients.All patients received iron supplementation associated with a gluten-free diet (GFD). One additional patient received intravenous iron therapy with favorable evolution after a single dilatation session. Overall, the outcome was favorable in 11 patients (84.6%) after a single session of dilatation and good adherence to the GFD. Two patients with poor compliance experienced recurrence of dysphagia requiring repeat dilatation.Conclusion Plummer Vinson syndrome associated with celiac disease remains rare, found in only 3.2% in our series. Good compliance to the gluten-free diet allowed improvement of malabsorption signs as well as disappearance of dysphagia in 80% of patients.