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The last decade has seen unprecedented acceleration of global warming due to anthropogenic climate change. Healthcare professionals increasingly recognise that this has significant implications for the health and well-being of their patients in general, and there is a growing awareness that children are uniquely vulnerable due to their developmental physiology, immature immune system, behaviours and dependence on caregivers and the broader society. Increasingly, the detrimental impact of climate change, ranging from the increased risk of preterm birth during heatwaves to mental health impacts in adolescents, has been described across many different settings.1 UNICEF estimates that half of all the world’s children (approximately 1 billion) are exposed to extreme climate shocks and high climate change vulnerability.2 Moreover, climate litigation cases in which children and adolescents sue companies or states have become prevalent, leading to the scrutiny in courts worldwide of evidence on the impact of climate change on the health and well-being of children.