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Jaundice affects 60% of term infants and up to 80% of preterm newborns. Early identification and treatment are necessary to prevent acute bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus. In October 2023, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) updated its clinical guideline CG98, ‘Jaundice in newborn babies under 28 days’ ( box 1). New recommendations highlighted challenges in identifying jaundice in infants with darker skin and updates regarding investigations for prolonged jaundice.