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Breathlessness (breathing discomfort, dyspnoea)1 is the most common, distressing and limiting symptom in people with cardiorespiratory disease. Rising steeply in prevalence with age, the burden of breathlessness is large in the population, with as many as 10%–25% of people 40 years and older reporting breathlessness interfering with daily activities.2–4 Moreover, the prevalence of breathlessness is likely largely underestimated as people reduce their physical activity to avoid the symptom.5